ABSTRACT
Samuel Hahnemann usa seu poder intelectual e de observação para fazer um relato minucioso, e de certa minuciosa, sobre as características da mão humana. Suas analogias e conhecimento das percepções filosóficas impressionam, menos por sua erudição mas pela idade com que ele escreveu o texto. "O que mais eu poderia dizer sobre a carne que está em torno de cada dedo? Ela está disposta de tal modo que aí ainda reconhecemos a Sabedoria divina. Dado que as próprias falanges são muito irregulares pois as articulações e a espécie compreendida entre elas apresentam uma grande diferença de volume esses espaços e essas irregularidades foram recobertas pelo Criador com uma camada carnuda suficiente para pegar tão vigorosamente os objetos e sustentá- -los. Isso para o interior dos dedos, pois exteriormente, por outro lado, não encontramos quase nada de carne e nossos dedos são recobertos apenas por pele, para não se tornarem muito pesados e desajeitados."
Samuel Hahnemann uses his intellectual powers and of observation to give a detailed, and somewhat minute, account of the characteristics of the human hand. His analogies and knowledge of philosophical insights are impressive, less because of his erudition but because of the age at which he wrote the text. "What more could I say about the flesh that is around each finger? It is arranged in such a way that there we still recognize divine Wisdom. Since the phalanges themselves are very irregular because the joints and the species included between them present a great difference in volume these spaces and these irregularities were covered by the Creator with a fleshy layer sufficient to grasp the objects so vigorously and support them. This goes for the inside of the fingers, because externally, on the other hand, we find almost nothing of flesh and our fingers are covered only by skin, so as not to become too heavy and clumsy."
Subject(s)
History, 20th Century , Translating , Classical Author Books on HomeopathyABSTRACT
Ater-se ao objeto médico para atender a demanda de uma clínica mais eficiente, a saber, com a finalidade específica de curar ou controlar patologias definidas é um antigo problema da medicina. Aqui tentamos apontar as mudanças que Hahnemann propôs, incluindo, mas para além do uso do princípio dos semelhantes e das doses infinitesimais. Em sua ética, o radical compromisso com o outro não significa estar somente atento às modificações de caráter patológico como primazia da atenção médica. A originalidade aqui foi ter pretendido definir-se por um humanismo ético, cujos principais atributos devem ser a solidariedade e a compreensão do sujeito que sofre. Sofrimentos manifestos através das moléstias agudas e crônicas, idiossincrasias imaginárias ou reais que o sujeito enfermo narra ao médico, buscando alívio e suporte. A ajuda homeopática não vem (ou não poderia vir) só de encontro aos corpos enfermos, ela virá sempre como um atendimento das sensações, metáforas e alusões que invadem e assolam o sujeito.Ao mesmo tempo é preciso que os praticantes abandonem valorizem e preservem as muitas contribuições que resistiram ao tempo, mas ao mesmo tempo evitem o culto à personalidade aspecto que até aqui tem sido refratário às críticas. Para preservar o legado de Hahnemann é preciso conservar a atitude crítica sem render-se aos grandes modismos e efemérides metodológicas que trazem mais danos do que benefícios. Como antecipou Constantine Hering, a homeopatia não pode perder seu eixo empírico, sob o risco de ser no futuro compreendida e reduzida a uma caricatura na história da medicina. Por isso é importante que se mantenha como um sistema científico aberto e obedeça às premissas do experimental enquanto mantém o foco em um programa de pesquisas tanto consistente como abrangente.
Sticking to the medical object to meet the demand for a more efficient clinic, namely, with the specific purpose of curing or controlling defined pathologies, is an old problem in medicine. Here we try to point out the changes that Hahnemann proposed, including, but beyond the use of the principle of similars and infinitesimal doses. In his ethics, the radical commitment to others does not mean only being attentive to changes of a pathological nature as the priority of medical care. The originality here was to have intended to be defined by an ethical humanism, whose main attributes must be solidarity and understanding of the subject who suffers. Suffering manifested through acute and chronic illnesses, imaginary or real idiosyncrasies that the sick subject narrates to the doctor, seeking relief and support. Homeopathic help does not come (or could not come) only against sick bodies, it will always come as a response to the sensations, metaphors and allusions that invade and plague the subject. At the same time, it is necessary for practitioners to abandon, value and preserve the many contributions that have stood the test of time, but at the same time avoid the cult of personality an aspect that has so far been refractory to criticism. To preserve Hahnemann's legacy, it is necessary to maintain a critical attitude without surrendering to great fads and methodological ephemerides that bring more harm than good. As Constantine Hering anticipated, homeopathy cannot lose its empirical axis, at the risk of being misunderstood in the future and reduced to a caricature in the history of medicine. Therefore, it is important that it remains an open scientific system and obeys experimental premises while maintaining focus on a consistent and comprehensive research
Subject(s)
/methods , KnowledgeABSTRACT
This paper explains the elementary law of homeopathy, the Law of Similars, on the bases of thermodynamic aspects by means of the chemical thermodynamic. Le Chatelier principle was used, to explain the re-establishment of starting biochemical equilibrium compartmentalized in individual human cells of an ill person consuming the remedy, to clarify the Law of Similars. In addition, the application of the Law of mass action during the re-establishment of the initial equilibrium in an ill person when digesting the remedy exposed the law of Similars as the strongest outcome of homeopathy
Subject(s)
Humans , Biochemical Phenomena , Pharmacodynamics of Homeopathic Remedy , /history , Law of Similars , Homeopathy/historyABSTRACT
La sexta edición del Organon de la Medicina está elaborada a partir del llamado Organon interfoliado o de su copia manuscrita "fiel y exacta", como la definiera el doctor Richard Haehl; ambas obras se encuentran bajo el resguardo de la Biblioteca de la Universidad de San Francisco, California, Estados Unidos de América, y pueden consultarse en internet. Dependiendo del criterio de su traductor o revisor, a cada versión de la sexta edición se le agregan pequeños o grandes comentarios y se le hacen observaciones sobre la exactitud o inexactitud de los textos del Organon. Al cotejar varias de las ediciones de este libro, el autor del presente artículo encontró una quinta edición del Organon, traducida por el doctor Robert Ellis Dudgeon, que podría ser la versión del Organon que sirvió de base para obtener en limpio el Organon interfoliado y editar la citada obra en su sexta edición en inglés. (AU)
The Organon of Medicine, in its sixth edition, is based on the interfolded Organon or its handwritten copy, "faithful and exact", as Dr. Richard Haehl comments (both located in the Library of the University of San Francisco Cal. USA), and that can be consulted on the internet. Depending on the translator or reviewer of this work, small or large comments are added, observations are made about the accuracy or inaccuracy of the Organon texts. When comparing several of the editions of this book, the autor of this article found a fifth edition of the Organon translated by Dr. Robert Ellis Dudgeon, which could be the version of the Organon that served as the basis to clean up the organon interfoliate and edit the Organon in its sixth edition in english language. (AU)
Subject(s)
Organon , HomeopathyABSTRACT
Esta ponencia resume los resultados de una investigación permanente, iniciada en 1993, sobre la vida y obra del doctor Samuel Hahnemann. En ella el autor aborda aspectos como la infancia del fundador de la Homeopatía, la influencia que en él ejercieron su padre y sus padrinos, su proceso de formación como médico y las dificultades y cambios de domicilio que enfrentó al inicio de su vida laboral. Además, habla de la figura de Hahnemann como médico innovador y de su trascendencia en áreas ajenas a la medicina, y rescata algunos episodios casi olvidados por sus biógrafos, como la relación con su primer discípulo, la influencia que recibió por parte de un filósofo contemporáneo y la existencia de un manuscrito inédito, perteneciente al Tratado de las Enfermedades Crónicas, que se encuentra bajo resguardo del Instituto para la Historia de la Medicina de la Fundación Robert Bosch (Alemania). (AU)
This paper summarizes the results of a permanent investigation, begun in 1993, on the life and work of Dr. Samuel Hahnemann. In it, the author deals with aspects such as the childhood of the founder of Homeopathy, the influence exercised by his father and his sponsors, his training as a doctor and the difficulties and changes of address he faced at the beginning of his working life. In addition, he speaks of the figure of Hahnemann as an innovative physician and of his transcendence in areas outside of medicine, and rescues some episodes almost forgotten by his biographers, such as the relationship with his first disciple, the influence he received from a contemporary philosopher and the existence of an unpublished manuscript, being part of The Chronic Diseases, which is under the protection of the Institute for the History of Medicine of the Robert Bosch Foundation (Germany). (AU)
Subject(s)
Homeopathy/historyABSTRACT
Samuel Hahnemann, the founder of homoeopathy, over a period of 33 years wrote four medical theses at three different universities. The first, in 1779 at the University of Erlangen, Franconia, dealt with agents that allegedly induce spasms, granting him a MD degree. The second two theses in 1784 dealt with obstetrical matters and were imposed upon him by the University of Wittenberg, Saxony, for becoming a medical officer, a position he apparently aspired to mostly for financial reasons. The fourth thesis in 1812 at the University of Leipzig, Saxony, his most elaborate dissertation on a toxic plant, white hellebore, served as a habilitation, allowing him to hold university lectures in order to disseminate his new ideas.
Subject(s)
Homeopathy/history , Physicians/history , Germany , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , Obstetrics/history , Parasympatholytics/history , Veratrum/chemistryABSTRACT
Eulalio Darío Flores (1897-1949) fue uno de los más destacados catedráticos y defensores de la Escuela Libre de Homeopatía de México. En este artículo expone la idea de que los médicos homeópatas, sobre todo los más jóvenes, estudien y analicen a profundidad el contenido del Organon de Hahnemann; de esta manera, sostiene, se encontrarán en condiciones de practicar la terapéutica homeopática con seguridad y confianza. Por otra parte, el autor presenta un análisis detallado del primer parágrafo o párrafo de esta obra; en él se incluyen importantes reflexiones sobre la misión y los deberes del médico homeópata, la naturaleza de la enfermedad, el concepto de fuerza vital y la curación del enfermo. (AU)
Dario Eulalio Flores (1897-1949) was one of the foremost teachers and defenders of the Escuela Libre de Homeopatía de México. This paper presents the idea that homeopathic physicians, specially the younger ones, should study and analyze in depth, the contents of Hahnemanns Organon; in this way, he says, they will be in a position to practice homeopathic therapeutics with confidence. Furthermore, the author presents a detailed analysis of the first paragraph of this work; in which are included important reflections on the mission and duties of the homeopathic doctor, the nature of the disease, the concept of vital force and healing the patient. (AU)
Subject(s)
Organon , Homeopathy Foundation/historyABSTRACT
Eulalio Darío Flores (1897-1949) fue uno de los más destacados catedráticos y defensores de la Escuela Libre de Homeopatía de México. En este artículo expone la idea de que los médicos homeópatas, sobre todo los más jóvenes, estudien y analicen a profundidad el contenido del Organon de Hahnemann; de esta manera, sostiene, se encontrarán en condiciones de practicar la terapéutica homeopática con seguridad y confianza. Por otra parte, el autor presenta un análisis detallado del primer parágrafo o párrafo de esta obra; en él se incluyen importantes reflexiones sobre la misión y los deberes del médico homeópata, la naturaleza de la enfermedad, el concepto de fuerza vital y la curación del enfermo...
Dario Eulalio Flores (1897-1949) was one of the foremost teachers and defenders of the Escuela Libre de Homeopatía de México. This paper presents the idea that homeopathic physicians, specially the younger ones, should study and analyze in depth, the contents of Hahnemanns Organon; in this way, he says, they will be in a position to practice homeopathic therapeutics with confidence. Furthermore, the author presents a detailed analysis of the first paragraph of this work; in which are included important reflections on the mission and duties of the homeopathic doctor, the nature of the disease, the concept of vital force and healing the patient...
Subject(s)
Humans , Homeopathy Foundation/history , OrganonABSTRACT
Este trabajo consiste en la revisión de las notas de pie de página, exclusivas de Samuel Hahnemann en su VI edición del Órganon de la medicina, correspondiente a la introducción, el prefacio y los parágrafos. Se elaboró un cuadro con el resumen de todos los parágrafos del Órganon, con las notas al pie de página, adiciones, correcciones y comentarios de Hahnemann para realizarles su transcripción y su respectivo resumen. Con éste trabajo se busca contribuir en el conocimiento más amplio y detallado del Órganon de la Medicina.
Subject(s)
Hahnemannian Method , Homeopathy , Organon , Complementary TherapiesABSTRACT
Conventional sciences have brought forth a wealth of knowledge and benefits, but they have not always been clear and precise about their legitimate scope and methodological limitations. In contrast, new and critical approaches in modern sciences question and reflect their own presuppositions, dependencies, and constraints. Examples are quantum physics, theory and history of science, as well as theory and history of medicine, sociology, and economics. In this way, deprecative dogmatism and animosity amongst sciences ought to be lessened, while the field opens up for each science to redefine its appropriate place in society. This would appear to be a chance for homeopathy, as new approaches, especially within the social and economic sciences, suggest that being a follower of Samuel Hahnemann (1755-1843) may have advantages and privileges that conventional medicine seems to be lacking and whose relevance was overlooked during the rise of economic thinking in the last two centuries.
Subject(s)
Evidence-Based Medicine/history , Homeopathy/history , Philosophy, Medical/history , Diffusion of Innovation , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , HumansABSTRACT
Los críticos de la Homeopatía han señalado que esta materia carece de bases científicas y que hay pocas evidencias documentales que den cuenta de su eficacia.El presente trabajo es un ensayo que coloca al lector en el contexto histórico,filosófico y político que nació la Homeopatía, como un punto de partida que despuésse transforma en una exposición en la que se discute si la medicina configuradapor Samuel Hahnemann es antigua o moderna. El autor dedica gran parte de su ensayo a destacar algunas ideas fundamentales de Crítica de la razón pura, obra del célebre filosofo alemán (1724-1804) Immanuel Kant,y señala cómo, a partir de ellas, es que la medicina alopática empezó a interesarse por atender las consecuencias de la enfermedad y no la enfermedad misma. Kant actuó de buena fe y coloco en la mesa de discusión ideas revolucionarias que dieron pie a la sistematización de las ciencias modernas. Sin embargo, ello no significa, señala el autor de este artículo, que algunos conceptos utilizados en Homeopatía, como totalidad, organismo o fuerza vital deban ser ignorados a priori. (AU)
Critics of homeopathy have pointed out that this matter has no scientific basis andthe existing evidence is too insufficient to account for their effectiveness. This paper is a trial that places the reader in the historical, philosophical and political in which homeopathy came as a starting point, this point then transformed into an exhibition in which it is discussed whether the regime of Samuel Hahnemann is ancient or modern. The author devotes much of his trial will highlight some fundamental ideasof Critique of Pure Reason, by the famous German philosopher (1724-1804) ImmanuelKant, and shows how, from them, is that allopathic medicine became interestedto address the consequences of the disease and not the disease itself. Kant acted in good faith and placed on the table for discussion revolutionary ideas that led to the systematization of modern science. However, this does not mean, says the author of this article, some concepts used in homeopathy as all, body or life force should be ignored a priori.(AU)
Subject(s)
Homeopathy/history , Homeopathic Philosophy/history , Allopathic Practices/historyABSTRACT
Los críticos de la Homeopatía han señalado que esta materia carece de bases científicas y que hay pocas evidencias documentales que den cuenta de su eficacia.El presente trabajo es un ensayo que coloca al lector en el contexto histórico,filosófico y político que nació la Homeopatía, como un punto de partida que despuésse transforma en una exposición en la que se discute si la medicina configuradapor Samuel Hahnemann es antigua o moderna. El autor dedica gran parte de su ensayo a destacar algunas ideas fundamentales de Crítica de la razón pura, obra del célebre filosofo alemán (1724-1804) Immanuel Kant,y señala cómo, a partir de ellas, es que la medicina alopática empezó a interesarse por atender las consecuencias de la enfermedad y no la enfermedad misma. Kant actuó de buena fe y coloco en la mesa de discusión ideas revolucionarias que dieron pie a la sistematización de las ciencias modernas. Sin embargo, ello no significa, señala el autor de este artículo, que algunos conceptos utilizados en Homeopatía, como totalidad, organismo o fuerza vital deban ser ignorados a priori.
Critics of homeopathy have pointed out that this matter has no scientific basis andthe existing evidence is too insufficient to account for their effectiveness. This paper is a trial that places the reader in the historical, philosophical and political in which homeopathy came as a starting point, this point then transformed into an exhibition in which it is discussed whether the regime of Samuel Hahnemann is ancient or modern. The author devotes much of his trial will highlight some fundamental ideasof Critique of Pure Reason, by the famous German philosopher (1724-1804) ImmanuelKant, and shows how, from them, is that allopathic medicine became interestedto address the consequences of the disease and not the disease itself. Kant acted in good faith and placed on the table for discussion revolutionary ideas that led to the systematization of modern science. However, this does not mean, says the author of this article, some concepts used in homeopathy as all, body or life force should be ignored a priori.
Subject(s)
Homeopathic Philosophy/history , Homeopathy/history , Allopathic Practices/historyABSTRACT
El médico alemán Christian Frederick Samuel Hahnemann tiene el mérito de haber sido el fundador de la homeopatía como sistema médico. Su vida puede ser considerada un ejemplo para cualquier profesional de la salud, más allá de cualquier barrera geográfica o temporal. El presente artículo resumió algunos de los más relevantes pasajes de su fructífera vida, haciendo énfasis en sus aportes al campo del así llamado “Arte de curar”.
German physician Christian Frederick Samuel Hahnemann has the merit of have being the founder of Homeopathy as a medical system. His life may be considered an example for every health worker beyond any geographical or temporal barrier. The current article reviewed some of the most relevant passages of his fruitful life, making emphasis in his contributions to the field of the so called “Art of healing”.
